Unity中状态机模式的简单封装
发表于2018-10-22
游戏中的逻辑需要用到状态机，但是面对复杂的状态（比如战斗角色控制，复杂的UI状态控制等），用状态机模式是最合适不过的了。结合C#的特点，下面就针对状态机模式给大家做些简单介绍。举例如下：
public abstract class FSMManager<T> ｛
public State current ｛ get; protected set; ｝
public abstract void Start();
public class State ｛
private string name;
public System.Action OnEnter = FuncVoid;
public System.Action OnTick = FuncVoid;
public System.Action OnExit = FuncVoid;
public System.Action<T, object[]> SetTrigger = FuncVoid2;
｝
public static void FuncVoid() ｛ ｝
public static void FuncVoid2(T type, object[] ps) ｛ ｝
public void SetTrigger(T type, Object[] ps = null) ｛
current.SetTrigger(type, ps);
｝
public void SetState(State state) ｛
current.OnExit();
current = state;
current.OnEnter();
｝
public void OnTick() ｛
current.OnTick();
｝
｝
使用：
public class MyFSM : FSMManager<MyFSM.Type> ｛
public enum Type ｛
Type1,
Type2,
Typ3
｝
public int count = 0;
public State state1, state2;
public MyFSM() ｛
current = state1;
｝
public override void Start() ｛
current = state1;
state1.OnEnter();
｝
｝
public string test1= "111", test2 = "222";
public MyFSM fsm;
[Test]
public void NewEditModeTestSimplePasses() ｛
// Use the Assert class to test conditions.
fsm = new MyFSM() ｛
state1 = new FSMManager<MyFSM.Type>.State() ｛
OnEnter = delegate ｛
Debug.Log("===>> " + fsm.count);
if (fsm.count++ < 2) ｛
fsm.SetState(fsm.state1);
｝ else ｛
fsm.SetState(fsm.state2);
｝
｝,
｝,
state2 = new FSMManager<MyFSM.Type>.State() ｛
OnEnter = delegate ｛
Debug.Log("===>>>" + test2);
｝
｝,
｝;
fsm.Start();
｝
加深大家对状态机模式的理解，再通过一个例子给大家做讲解。
代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
public abstract class FSM<T> : MonoBehaviour ｛
static void FuncVoid() ｛ ｝
static void FuncVoid2(T type, object[] ps) ｛ ｝
protected State state;
public class State ｛
public System.Action OnEnter = FuncVoid;
public System.Action OnTick = FuncVoid;
public System.Action OnExit = FuncVoid;
public System.Action<T, object[]> SetTrigger = FuncVoid2;
public int param;
｝
public void setState(State _state) ｛
state.OnExit();
state = _state;
state.OnEnter();
｝
protected void doStart(State ss) ｛
state = initState();
StartCoroutine(OnTick());
｝
IEnumerator OnTick() ｛
while (true) ｛
state.OnTick();
yield return null;
｝
｝
protected abstract State initState();
｝
public class UILoading : FSM<UILoading.MyEvent> ｛
public enum MyEvent ｛
Trig1,
Trig2,
Trig3
｝
State state1, state2;
public Animator anim;
public Button btnLocal;
public Button btnOnline;
public Button btnOptions;
void printOK(string who) ｛
Debug.LogError("=====OKOKOK!! " + who);
｝
private void Awake() ｛
doStart(state1);
btnLocal.onClick.AddListener(delegate ｛
state.SetTrigger(MyEvent.Trig1, null);
｝);
btnOnline.onClick.AddListener(delegate ｛
state.SetTrigger(MyEvent.Trig2, null);
｝);
anim.StopPlayback();
btnOptions.onClick.AddListener(delegate ｛
anim.StartPlayback();
Debug.LogError("======");
｝);
｝
protected override State initState() ｛
state1 = new State() ｛
param = 7,
OnEnter = delegate ｛
state1.param = 5;
printOK("state1");
｝,
OnTick = delegate ｛
state1.param--;
Debug.LogError("State1 tick : " + state1.param);
if (state1.param <= 0) ｛
setState(state2);
｝
｝,
OnExit = delegate ｛
Debug.LogError("<<< State1 exit");
｝
｝;
state2 = new State() ｛
OnEnter = delegate ｛
printOK("state2");
｝,
OnTick = delegate ｛
Debug.LogError("state2 Tick");
｝,
OnExit = delegate ｛
Debug.LogError("<<< State2 exit");
｝,
SetTrigger = (e, ps) => ｛
switch (e) ｛
case MyEvent.Trig1:
setState(state1);
break;
case MyEvent.Trig2:
printOK("!!!!!");
break;
｝
｝
｝;
return state1;
｝
｝