为C#添加位域特性
发表于2018-10-18
最近项目中由于要对数据进行压缩，所以产生了为C#添加类似C++中的位域的特性，网上已经有些内容了，但是感觉还不是很好用，所有自己写了一个关于为C#添加位域特性的内容出来，分享给大家。
先看用法：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using UnityEngine;
using GameData;
namespace ConsoleApplication5 ｛
class MyTest01 : BitField ｛
[BitInfo(3)]
public bool d0;
[BitInfo(3)]
public short d1;
[BitInfo(3)]
public int d2;
[BitInfo(3)]
public int d3;
[BitInfo(3)]
public int d4;
[BitInfo(3)]
public int d5;
public MyTest01(bool _d0, short _d1, int _d2, int _d3, int _d4, int _d5) ｛
d0 = _d0;
d1 = _d1;
d2 = _d2;
d3 = _d3;
d4 = _d4;
d5 = _d5;
｝
public MyTest01(byte[] datas) ｛
parse(datas);
｝
public new string ToString() ｛
return string.Format("d0: ｛0｝, d1: ｛1｝, d2: ｛2｝, d3: ｛3｝, d4: ｛4｝, d5: ｛5｝ \r\nbinary => ｛6｝",
d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, ArrayConverter.toBinary(toArray()));
｝
｝;
class MyTest02 : BitField ｛
[BitInfo(5)]
public bool val0;
[BitInfo(5)]
public byte val1;
[BitInfo(15)]
public uint val2;
[BitInfo(15)]
public float val3;
[BitInfo(15)]
public int val4;
[BitInfo(15)]
public int val5;
[BitInfo(15)]
public int val6;
public MyTest02(bool v0, byte v1, uint v2, float v3, int v4, int v5, int v6) ｛
val0 = v0;
val1 = v1;
val2 = v2;
val3 = v3;
val4 = v4;
val5 = v5;
val6 = v6;
｝
public MyTest02(byte[] datas) ｛
parse(datas);
｝
public new string ToString() ｛
return string.Format("val0: ｛0｝, val1: ｛1｝, val2: ｛2｝, val3: ｛3｝, val4: ｛4｝, val5: ｛5｝, val6: ｛6｝\r\nbinary => ｛7｝",
val0, val1, val2, val3, val4, val5, val6, ArrayConverter.toBinary(toArray()));
｝
｝
public class MainClass ｛
public static void Main(string[] args) ｛
MyTest01 p = new MyTest01(false, 1, 2, 3, -1, -2);
Debug.Log("P:: " + p.ToString());
MyTest01 p2 = new MyTest01(p.toArray());
Debug.Log("P2:: " + p2.ToString());
MyTest02 t = new MyTest02(true, 1, 12, -1.3f, 4, -5, 100);
Debug.Log("t:: " + t.ToString());
MyTest02 t2 = new MyTest02(t.toArray());
Debug.Log("t:: " + t.ToString());
Console.Read();
return;
｝
｝
｝
输出：
代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace GameData ｛
[global::System.AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field, AllowMultiple = false)]
public sealed class BitInfoAttribute : Attribute ｛
byte length;
public BitInfoAttribute(byte length) ｛
this.length = length;
｝
public byte Length ｛ get ｛ return length; ｝ ｝
｝
public abstract class BitField ｛
public void parse<T>(T[] vals) ｛
analysis().parse(this, ArrayConverter.convert<T, uint>(vals));
｝
public byte[] toArray() ｛
return ArrayConverter.convert<uint, byte>(analysis().toArray(this));
｝
public T[] toArray<T>() ｛
return ArrayConverter.convert<uint, T>(analysis().toArray(this));
｝
static Dictionary<Type, BitTypeInfo> bitInfoMap = new Dictionary<Type, BitTypeInfo>();
private BitTypeInfo analysis() ｛
Type type = this.GetType();
if (!bitInfoMap.ContainsKey(type)) ｛
List<BitInfo> infos = new List<BitInfo>();
byte dataIdx = 0, offset = 0;
foreach (System.Reflection.FieldInfo f in type.GetFields()) ｛
object[] attrs = f.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(BitInfoAttribute), false);
if (attrs.Length == 1) ｛
byte bitLen = ((BitInfoAttribute)attrs[0]).Length;
if (offset + bitLen > 32) ｛
dataIdx++;
offset = 0;
｝
infos.Add(new BitInfo(f, bitLen, dataIdx, offset));
offset += bitLen;
｝
｝
bitInfoMap.Add(type, new BitTypeInfo(dataIdx + 1, infos.ToArray()));
｝
return bitInfoMap[type];
｝
｝
class BitTypeInfo ｛
public int dataLen ｛ get; private set; ｝
public BitInfo[] bitInfos ｛ get; private set; ｝
public BitTypeInfo(int _dataLen, BitInfo[] _bitInfos) ｛
dataLen = _dataLen;
bitInfos = _bitInfos;
｝
public uint[] toArray<T>(T obj) ｛
uint[] datas = new uint[dataLen];
foreach (BitInfo bif in bitInfos) ｛
bif.encode(obj, datas);
｝
return datas;
｝
public void parse<T>(T obj, uint[] vals) ｛
foreach (BitInfo bif in bitInfos) ｛
bif.decode(obj, vals);
｝
｝
｝
class BitInfo ｛
private System.Reflection.FieldInfo field;
private uint mask;
private byte idx, offset, shiftA, shiftB;
private bool isUnsigned = false;
public BitInfo(System.Reflection.FieldInfo _field, byte _bitLen, byte _idx, byte _offset) ｛
field = _field;
mask = (uint)(((1 << _bitLen) - 1) << _offset);
idx = _idx;
offset = _offset;
shiftA = (byte)(32 - _offset - _bitLen);
shiftB = (byte)(32 - _bitLen);
if (_field.FieldType == typeof(bool)
|| _field.FieldType == typeof(byte)
|| _field.FieldType == typeof(char)
|| _field.FieldType == typeof(uint)
|| _field.FieldType == typeof(ulong)
|| _field.FieldType == typeof(ushort)) ｛
isUnsigned = true;
｝
｝
public void encode(Object obj, uint[] datas) ｛
if (isUnsigned) ｛
uint val = (uint)Convert.ChangeType(field.GetValue(obj), typeof(uint));
datas[idx] |= ((uint)(val << offset) & mask);
｝ else ｛
int val = (int)Convert.ChangeType(field.GetValue(obj), typeof(int));
datas[idx] |= ((uint)(val << offset) & mask);
｝
｝
public void decode(Object obj, uint[] datas) ｛
if (isUnsigned) ｛
field.SetValue(obj, Convert.ChangeType((((uint)(datas[idx] & mask)) << shiftA) >> shiftB, field.FieldType));
｝ else ｛
field.SetValue(obj, Convert.ChangeType((((int)(datas[idx] & mask)) << shiftA) >> shiftB, field.FieldType));
｝
｝
｝
public class ArrayConverter ｛
public static T[] convert<T>(uint[] val) ｛
return convert<uint, T>(val);
｝
public static T1[] convert<T0, T1>(T0[] val) ｛
T1[] rt = null;
// type is same or length is same
// refer to http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25759878/convert-byte-to-sbyte
if (typeof(T0) == typeof(T1)) ｛
rt = (T1[])(Array)val;
｝ else ｛
int len = Buffer.ByteLength(val);
int w = typeWidth<T1>();
if (w == 1) ｛ // bool
rt = new T1[len * 8];
｝ else if (w == 8) ｛
rt = new T1[len];
｝ else ｛ // w > 8
int nn = w / 8;
int len2 = (len / nn) + ((len % nn) > 0 ? 1 : 0);
rt = new T1[len2];
｝
Buffer.BlockCopy(val, 0, rt, 0, len);
｝
return rt;
｝
public static string toBinary<T>(T[] vals) ｛
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
int width = typeWidth<T>();
int len = Buffer.ByteLength(vals);
for (int i = len-1; i >=0; i--) ｛
sb.Append(Convert.ToString(Buffer.GetByte(vals, i), 2).PadLeft(8, '0')).Append(" ");
｝
return sb.ToString();
｝
private static int typeWidth<T>() ｛
int rt = 0;
if (typeof(T) == typeof(bool)) ｛ // x
rt = 1;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(byte)) ｛ // x
rt = 8;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(sbyte)) ｛
rt = 8;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(ushort)) ｛ // x
rt = 16;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(short)) ｛
rt = 16;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(char)) ｛
rt = 16;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(uint)) ｛ // x
rt = 32;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(int)) ｛
rt = 32;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(float)) ｛
rt = 32;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(ulong)) ｛ // x
rt = 64;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(long)) ｛
rt = 64;
｝ else if (typeof(T) == typeof(double)) ｛
rt = 64;
｝ else ｛
throw new Exception("Unsupport type : " + typeof(T).Name);
｝
return rt;
｝
｝
｝
另外Unity的Debug在控制台工程中的模拟：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace UnityEngine ｛
class Debug ｛
public static void Log(string msg) ｛
Console.WriteLine(msg);
｝
public static void LogFormat(string msg, params Object[] param) ｛
Console.WriteLine(string.Format(msg, param));
｝
｝
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来自：https://blog.csdn.net/stalendp/article/details/51813348