[cocos2dx]网络请求httpClient

发表于2018-05-10

HttpClient是HTTP客户端的接口。HttpClient封装了各种对象，处理cookies，身份认证，连接管理等。

概念

HttpClient的使用一般包含下面6个步骤：

创建 HttpRequest 的实例；
设置某种连接方法的类型（GET、POST等），这里通过setUrl传入待连接的地址；
设置响应回调函数，读取response；
添加请求到HttpClient任务队列；
释放连接。无论执行方法是否成功，都必须释放连接；
对得到后的内容进行处理。

如何使用

引入头文件和命名空间

#include "network/HttpClient.h"  
using namespace cocos2d::network;

HttpRequest 实例

我们将使用HttpRequest无参数的构造函数，它为大多数情况提供了一个很好的默认设置，所以我们使用它。

HttpRequest* request = new HttpRequest();

设置连接方法的类型和待连接的地址

由HTTP规范定义的各种方法对应各种不同的HttpRequest类。

我们将使用Get方法，这是一个简单的方法，它只是简单地取得一个URL，获取URL指向的文档。

request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::GET);  
request->setUrl("http://www.httpbin.org/get");

设置回调

无论服务器返回怎样的状态，响应主体response body总是可读的，这至关重要。

request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HelloWorld::onHttpComplete,this));

在onHttpComplete里读取响应数据：

std::vector<char> *buffer = response->getResponseData();//Get the request data pointer back

添加请求到HttpClient任务队列

cocos2d::network::HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);

释放连接

这是一个可以让整个流程变得完整的关键步骤, 我们必须告诉HttpClient，我们已经完成了连接，并且它现在可以重用。如果不这样做的话，HttpClient将无限期地等待一个连接释放，以便它可以重用。

要释放连接，使用:

request->release();

处理响应

现在，我们已经完成了与HttpClient的交互，可以集中精力做我们需要处理的数据。在这个例子中，我们仅仅将它在控制台上输出。

// dump data  
std::vector *buffer = response->getResponseData();  
printf("Http Test, dump data: ");  
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < buffer->size(); i++)  
｛  
    printf("%c", (*buffer)[i]);  
｝  
printf("\n");

如果你需要把response作为一个流来读取它里面的信息，上面的步骤将会同如何解析这个连接结合，当你处理完所有的数据后，关闭输入流，并释放该连接。

GET请求示例

下面是一个通过HttpClient的HTTP GET请求的例子。

HttpRequest* request = new HttpRequest();  
   request->setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");  
   request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::GET);  
   request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HelloWorld::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));  
   request->setTag("GET test");  
   cocos2d::network::HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);  
   request->release();

POST请求示例

下面将发送一个POST请求到URL“http://httpbin.org/post”。

HttpRequest* request = new HttpRequest();  
request->setUrl("http://httpbin.org/post");  
request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::POST);  
request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HelloWorld::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));  
// write the post data  
const char* postData = "visitor=cocos2d&TestSuite=Extensions Test/NetworkTest";  
request->setRequestData(postData, strlen(postData));  
request->setTag("POST test");  
cocos2d::network::HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);  
request->release();

处理网络回调函数

void HelloWorld::onHttpRequestCompleted(HttpClient *sender, HttpResponse *response)  
｛  
    if (!response)  
    ｛  
        return;  
    ｝     
    // You can get original request type from: response->request->reqType  
    if (0 != strlen(response->getHttpRequest()->getTag()))  
    ｛  
        log("%s completed", response->getHttpRequest()->getTag());  
    ｝     
    int statusCode = response->getResponseCode();  
    char statusString[64] = ｛｝;  
    sprintf(statusString, "HTTP Status Code: %d, tag = %s", statusCode, response->getHttpRequest()->getTag());  
    _labelStatusCode->setString(statusString);  
    log("response code: %d", statusCode);     
    if (!response->isSucceed())  
    ｛  
        log("response failed");  
        log("error buffer: %s", response->getErrorBuffer());  
        return;  
    ｝  
    // dump data  
    std::vector<char> *buffer = response->getResponseData();  
    printf("Http Test, dump data: ");  
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < buffer->size(); i++)  
    ｛  
        printf("%c", (*buffer)[i]);  
    ｝  
    printf("\n");  
｝

Android

需要注意的是，如果你是Android环境，不要忘了在您的应用程序的Manifest 中增加相应的权限：

<uses-permission android:name=”android.permission.INTERNET” />

详细代码可参照..\tests\Cpp\TestCpp\Classes\ExtensionsTest\NetworkTest\HttpClientTest.cpp

HttpManager架构

HttpManager.h文件

#pragma once  
#include "cocos2d.h"  
#include "network/HttpClient.h"  
//#include "Core/FV/FvSingleton.h"  
USING_NS_CC;  
using namespace network;  
using namespace std;  
class HttpManagerDelegate  
｛  
public:  
    virtual void onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response) = 0;  
｝;  
class HttpManager //: public FvSingleton<HttpManager>  
｛  
public:  
    HttpManager(void);  
    ~HttpManager(void);  
    CC_SYNTHESIZE(HttpManagerDelegate*,_httpManagerDelegate,HttpDelegate);  
    //等价于 HttpManagerDelegate* getHttpDelegate()｛return _httpManagerDelegate;｝;  
    //等价于 void setHttpDelegate(HttpManagerDelegate* delegate)｛_httpManagerDelegate = delegate;｝;  
    //static HttpManager* getInstance();  
    void sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag);  
    void sendPostRequest(string url,string requestTag);  
private:  
    void onHttpRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response);  
    //static HttpManager* mHttpManager;  
｝;

HttpManager.cpp文件

#include "HttpManager.h"  
//FV_SINGLETON_STORAGE(HttpManager);  
//HttpManager* HttpManager::mHttpManager = nullptr;  
HttpManager::HttpManager(void)  
｛  
    _httpManagerDelegate = nullptr;  
    HttpClient::getInstance()->setTimeoutForConnect(5);  
｝  
HttpManager::~HttpManager(void)  
｛  
｝  
HttpManager* HttpManager::getInstance()  
｛  
    if (mHttpManager == nullptr)  
    ｛  
        mHttpManager = new HttpManager();  
    ｝  
    return mHttpManager;  
｝  
void HttpManager::sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag)  
｛  
    HttpRequest* request = new (std::nothrow) HttpRequest();  
    request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::GET);  
    request->setUrl(url.c_str());  
    request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HttpManager::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));  
    request->setTag(requestTag.c_str());  
    HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);  
    request->release();  
｝  
void HttpManager::sendPostRequest(string url,string requestTag)  
｛  
    HttpRequest* request = new (std::nothrow) HttpRequest();  
    request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::POST);  
    request->setUrl(url.c_str());  
    request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HttpManager::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));  
    request->setTag(requestTag.c_str());  
    request->setRequestData("",0);  
    HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);  
    request->release();  
｝  
void HttpManager::onHttpRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response)  
｛  
    if (!response)  
    ｛  
        return;  
    ｝  
    const char* tag = response->getHttpRequest()->getTag();  
    if (0 != strlen(tag))  
    ｛  
        log("%s completed",tag);  
    ｝  
    log("HTTP Status Code::%ld, tag = %s",response->getResponseCode(),tag);  
    //if (!response->isSucceed())  
    //｛  
    //  log("response failed");  
    //  log("error buffer:%s",response->getErrorBuffer());  
    //  mMapCallBack.erase(tag);  
    //  return;  
    //｝  
    if (_httpManagerDelegate)  
    ｛  
        _httpManagerDelegate->onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(sender,response);  
    ｝  
｝

BLLHttpTest.h文件

#pragma once  
#include "Core/FV/FvSingleton.h"  
#include "Core/Network/HttpManager.h"  
using namespace std;  
class BLLHttpTest : public HttpManagerDelegate//,public FvSingleton<BLLHttpTest>  
｛  
public:  
    BLLHttpTest(void);  
    ~BLLHttpTest(void);  
    static BLLHttpTest* getInstance();  
    typedef std::function<void(string responseData,const char* tag)> onResponseCallBack;  
    void sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag,onResponseCallBack cb);  
    void sendPostRequest(string url,string requestTag,onResponseCallBack cb);  
    virtual void onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response);  
private:  
    void onHttpRequestCompletedDataHandle(string data,string tag);  
    std::map<string, onResponseCallBack> mMapCallBack;  
    static BLLHttpTest* mBLLHttpTest;  
    HttpManager* mHttpManager;  
｝;

BLLHttpTest.cpp文件

#include "BLLHttpTest.h"  
//FV_SINGLETON_STORAGE(BLLHttpTest);  
BLLHttpTest* BLLHttpTest::mBLLHttpTest = nullptr;  
BLLHttpTest::BLLHttpTest(void)  
｛  
    mHttpManager = new HttpManager();  
    mHttpManager->setHttpDelegate(this);  
｝  
BLLHttpTest::~BLLHttpTest(void)  
｛  
｝  
BLLHttpTest* BLLHttpTest::getInstance()  
｛  
    if (!mBLLHttpTest)  
    ｛  
        mBLLHttpTest = new BLLHttpTest();  
    ｝  
    return mBLLHttpTest;  
｝  
void BLLHttpTest::sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag,onResponseCallBack cb)  
｛  
    mMapCallBack[requestTag] = cb;  
    mHttpManager->sendGetRequest(url,requestTag);  
｝  
void BLLHttpTest::sendPostRequest(string url,string requestTag,onResponseCallBack cb)  
｛  
    mMapCallBack[requestTag] = cb;  
    mHttpManager->sendPostRequest(url,requestTag);  
｝  
void BLLHttpTest::onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response)  
｛  
    const char* tag = response->getHttpRequest()->getTag();  
    if (!response->isSucceed())  
    ｛  
        log("response failed");  
        log("error buffer:%s",response->getErrorBuffer());  
        mMapCallBack.erase(tag);  
        return;  
    ｝  
    std::vector<char> *buffer = response->getResponseData();  
    string temp = "";  
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < buffer->size(); i++)  
    ｛  
        temp +=(*buffer)[i];  
    ｝  
    log("Http Test, dump data:%s\n",temp.c_str());  
    if (mMapCallBack[tag])  
    ｛  
        onHttpRequestCompletedDataHandle(temp,tag);  
        mMapCallBack[tag](temp,tag);  
        mMapCallBack.erase(tag);  
    ｝  
｝  
void BLLHttpTest::onHttpRequestCompletedDataHandle(string data,string tag)  
｛  
｝

几乎所有的架构中，涉及到回调函数，都会把回调函数封装成一个纯虚类，子类继承这个纯虚类并实现纯虚函数。然后在子类的构造函数中，将自己给设置成代理。次HttpManager架构运用了Bridge桥接设计模式。

来自：https://blog.csdn.net/shimazhuge/article/details/71156574

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[cocos2dx]网络请求httpClient