Unity中制作自定义图片字体的两种方式
发表于2018-04-25
Unity支持自定义图片字体（CustomFont），网上有很多教程，细节不尽相同，当概括起来基本就是两种方式。一是使用BMFont，导出图集和。fnt文件，再使用图集在Unity中设置得到字体。二是不用BMFont，使用Unity自带的Sprite类似图集的功能。两种方式原理相同，只是手段有区别。基本原理都是先有一张贴图，比如：
需要知道的信息是贴图中每一个字符对应的ASCII码（例如0的ASCII码为48）与该字符在图集中对应的位置（0为x:0;y:0;w:55;h:76）。然后在Unity中创建材质和CustomFont并根据信息进行设置。
最后得到字体。
两种方式的区别仅在于第一步中如何得到图集的信息。具体的：
对于第一种使用BMFont的方式，目的是得到。fnt文件，实际上是xml格式文件。具体的信息为：
BMFont的使用方法不再详述。得到图集个fnt文件后，网上一般的方法是手动计算在Unity中的参数，有些繁琐，在这里写一个Editor脚本来自动完成这个过程。直接上代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;
public class CreateFontFromFnt : EditorWindow
｛
[MenuItem("Tools/创建字体(Fnt)")]
static void DoIt()
｛
GetWindow<CreateFontFromFnt>("创建字体");
｝
private string fontName;
private string fontPath;
private Texture2D tex;
private string fntFilePath;
private void OnGUI()
｛
GUILayout.BeginVertical();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
GUILayout.Label("字体名称：");
fontName = EditorGUILayout.TextField(fontName);
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
GUILayout.Label("字体图片：");
tex = (Texture2D)EditorGUILayout.ObjectField(tex, typeof(Texture2D), true);
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
if (GUILayout.Button(string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontPath) ? "选择路径" : fontPath))
｛
fontPath = EditorUtility.OpenFolderPanel("字体路径", Application.dataPath, "");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontPath))
｛
Debug.Log("取消选择路径");
｝
else
｛
fontPath = fontPath.Replace(Application.dataPath, "") + "/";
｝
｝
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
if (GUILayout.Button(string.IsNullOrEmpty(fntFilePath) ? "选择fnt文件" : fntFilePath))
｛
fntFilePath = EditorUtility.OpenFilePanelWithFilters("选择fnt文件", Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop), new string[] ｛ "", "fnt" ｝);
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fntFilePath))
｛
Debug.Log("取消选择路径");
｝
｝
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
if (GUILayout.Button("创建"))
｛
Create();
｝
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.EndVertical();
｝
private void Create()
｛
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fntFilePath))
｛
Debug.LogError("fnt为空");
return;
｝
if (tex == null)
｛
Debug.LogError("字体图片为空");
return;
｝
string fontSettingPath = fontPath + fontName + ".fontsettings";
string matPath = fontPath + fontName + ".mat";
if (File.Exists(Application.dataPath + fontSettingPath))
｛
Debug.LogErrorFormat("已存在同名字体文件:｛0｝", fontSettingPath);
return;
｝
if (File.Exists(Application.dataPath + matPath))
｛
Debug.LogErrorFormat("已存在同名字体材质:｛0｝", matPath);
return;
｝
var list = new List<CharacterInfo>();
XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
var content = File.ReadAllText(fntFilePath, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
xmlDoc.LoadXml(content);
var nodelist = xmlDoc.SelectNodes("font/chars/char");
foreach (XmlElement item in nodelist)
｛
CharacterInfo info = new CharacterInfo();
var id = int.Parse(item.GetAttribute("id"));
var x = float.Parse(item.GetAttribute("x"));
var y = float.Parse(item.GetAttribute("y"));
var width = float.Parse(item.GetAttribute("width"));
var height = float.Parse(item.GetAttribute("height"));
info.index = id;
//纹理映射，上下翻转
info.uvBottomLeft = new Vector2(x / tex.width, 1 - (y + height) / tex.height);
info.uvBottomRight = new Vector2((x + width) / tex.width, 1 - (y + height) / tex.height);
info.uvTopLeft = new Vector2(x / tex.width, 1 - y / tex.height);
info.uvTopRight = new Vector2((x + width) / tex.width, 1 - y / tex.height);
info.minX = 0;
info.maxX = (int)width;
info.minY = -(int)height / 2;
info.maxY = (int)height / 2;
info.advance = (int)width;
list.Add(info);
｝
Material mat = new Material(Shader.Find("GUI/Text Shader"));
mat.SetTexture("_MainTex", tex);
Font m_myFont = new Font();
m_myFont.material = mat;
AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(mat, "Assets" + matPath);
AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(m_myFont, "Assets" + fontSettingPath);
m_myFont.characterInfo = list.ToArray();
EditorUtility.SetDirty(m_myFont);
AssetDatabase.SaveAssets();
AssetDatabase.Refresh();
Debug.Log("创建成功！");
｝
｝
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;
public class CreateFontFromFnt : EditorWindow
｛
[MenuItem("Tools/创建字体(Fnt)")]
static void DoIt()
｛
GetWindow<CreateFontFromFnt>("创建字体");
｝
private string fontName;
private string fontPath;
private Texture2D tex;
private string fntFilePath;
private void OnGUI()
｛
GUILayout.BeginVertical();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
GUILayout.Label("字体名称：");
fontName = EditorGUILayout.TextField(fontName);
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
GUILayout.Label("字体图片：");
tex = (Texture2D)EditorGUILayout.ObjectField(tex, typeof(Texture2D), true);
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
if (GUILayout.Button(string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontPath) ? "选择路径" : fontPath))
｛
fontPath = EditorUtility.OpenFolderPanel("字体路径", Application.dataPath, "");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontPath))
｛
Debug.Log("取消选择路径");
｝
else
｛
fontPath = fontPath.Replace(Application.dataPath, "") + "/";
｝
｝
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
if (GUILayout.Button(string.IsNullOrEmpty(fntFilePath) ? "选择fnt文件" : fntFilePath))
｛
fntFilePath = EditorUtility.OpenFilePanelWithFilters("选择fnt文件", Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop), new string[] ｛ "", "fnt" ｝);
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fntFilePath))
｛
Debug.Log("取消选择路径");
｝
｝
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
if (GUILayout.Button("创建"))
｛
Create();
｝
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.EndVertical();
｝
private void Create()
｛
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fntFilePath))
｛
Debug.LogError("fnt为空");
return;
｝
if (tex == null)
｛
Debug.LogError("字体图片为空");
return;
｝
string fontSettingPath = fontPath + fontName + ".fontsettings";
string matPath = fontPath + fontName + ".mat";
if (File.Exists(Application.dataPath + fontSettingPath))
｛
Debug.LogErrorFormat("已存在同名字体文件:｛0｝", fontSettingPath);
return;
｝
if (File.Exists(Application.dataPath + matPath))
｛
Debug.LogErrorFormat("已存在同名字体材质:｛0｝", matPath);
return;
｝
var list = new List<CharacterInfo>();
XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
var content = File.ReadAllText(fntFilePath, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
xmlDoc.LoadXml(content);
var nodelist = xmlDoc.SelectNodes("font/chars/char");
foreach (XmlElement item in nodelist)
｛
CharacterInfo info = new CharacterInfo();
var id = int.Parse(item.GetAttribute("id"));
var x = float.Parse(item.GetAttribute("x"));
var y = float.Parse(item.GetAttribute("y"));
var width = float.Parse(item.GetAttribute("width"));
var height = float.Parse(item.GetAttribute("height"));
info.index = id;
//纹理映射，上下翻转
info.uvBottomLeft = new Vector2(x / tex.width, 1 - (y + height) / tex.height);
info.uvBottomRight = new Vector2((x + width) / tex.width, 1 - (y + height) / tex.height);
info.uvTopLeft = new Vector2(x / tex.width, 1 - y / tex.height);
info.uvTopRight = new Vector2((x + width) / tex.width, 1 - y / tex.height);
info.minX = 0;
info.maxX = (int)width;
info.minY = -(int)height / 2;
info.maxY = (int)height / 2;
info.advance = (int)width;
list.Add(info);
｝
Material mat = new Material(Shader.Find("GUI/Text Shader"));
mat.SetTexture("_MainTex", tex);
Font m_myFont = new Font();
m_myFont.material = mat;
AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(mat, "Assets" + matPath);
AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(m_myFont, "Assets" + fontSettingPath);
m_myFont.characterInfo = list.ToArray();
EditorUtility.SetDirty(m_myFont);
AssetDatabase.SaveAssets();
AssetDatabase.Refresh();
Debug.Log("创建成功！");
｝
｝
使用起来很简单：
代码也没什么可深究的，目的是代替手动计算，只是在纹理映射的时候有一个小坑。
第二种方式使用Unity中的Sprite。Unity支持把一个Sprite切割成多个。可以用这种方式代替BMFont导出的fnt文件。需要手动做的工作是将图集的TextureType设置为Sprite，然后把SpriteMode设为Multiple，打开SpriteEditor，对图片进行切割。Slice就基本可以完成这个工作，如果需要再手动微调一下。
一张图按照字符的位置分割成了10个Sprite。然后选中每一个Sprite把Name设置成字符对应的ASCII码。这样第一种方法里fnt文件包含的信息基本都包含在这个“图集”里了。同样写一个Editor脚本把这些信息写入到CustomFont里面，并不用手动去创建。
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using System.IO;
public class CreateFont : EditorWindow
｛
[MenuItem("Tools/创建字体(sprite)")]
public static void Open()
｛
GetWindow<CreateFont>("创建字体");
｝
private Texture2D tex;
private string fontName;
private string fontPath;
private void OnGUI()
｛
GUILayout.BeginVertical();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
GUILayout.Label("字体图片：");
tex = (Texture2D)EditorGUILayout.ObjectField(tex, typeof(Texture2D), true);
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
GUILayout.Label("字体名称：");
fontName = EditorGUILayout.TextField(fontName);
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
if (GUILayout.Button(string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontPath) ? "选择路径" : fontPath))
｛
fontPath = EditorUtility.OpenFolderPanel("字体路径", Application.dataPath, "");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontPath))
｛
Debug.Log("取消选择路径");
｝
else
｛
fontPath = fontPath.Replace(Application.dataPath, "") + "/";
｝
｝
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
if (GUILayout.Button("创建"))
｛
Create();
｝
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.EndVertical();
｝
private void Create()
｛
if (tex == null)
｛
Debug.LogWarning("创建失败，图片为空！");
return;
｝
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontPath))
｛
Debug.LogWarning("字体路径为空！");
return;
｝
if (fontName == null)
｛
Debug.LogWarning("创建失败，字体名称为空！");
return;
｝
else
｛
if (File.Exists(Application.dataPath + fontPath + fontName + ".fontsettings"))
｛
Debug.LogError("创建失败，已存在同名字体文件");
return;
｝
if (File.Exists(Application.dataPath + fontPath + fontName + ".mat"))
｛
Debug.LogError("创建失败，已存在同名字体材质文件");
return;
｝
｝
string selectionPath = AssetDatabase.GetAssetPath(tex);
if (selectionPath.Contains("/Resources/"))
｛
string selectionExt = Path.GetExtension(selectionPath);
if (selectionExt.Length == 0)
｛
Debug.LogError("创建失败！");
return;
｝
string fontPathName = fontPath + fontName + ".fontsettings";
string matPathName = fontPath + fontName + ".mat";
float lineSpace = 0.1f;
//string loadPath = selectionPath.Remove(selectionPath.Length - selectionExt.Length).Replace("Assets/Resources/", "");
string loadPath = selectionPath.Replace(selectionExt, "").Substring(selectionPath.IndexOf("/Resources/") + "/Resources/".Length);
Sprite[] sprites = Resources.LoadAll<Sprite>(loadPath);
if (sprites.Length > 0)
｛
Material mat = new Material(Shader.Find("GUI/Text Shader"));
mat.SetTexture("_MainTex", tex);
Font m_myFont = new Font();
m_myFont.material = mat;
CharacterInfo[] characterInfo = new CharacterInfo[sprites.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < sprites.Length; i++)
｛
if (sprites[i].rect.height > lineSpace)
｛
lineSpace = sprites[i].rect.height;
｝
｝
for (int i = 0; i < sprites.Length; i++)
｛
Sprite spr = sprites[i];
CharacterInfo info = new CharacterInfo();
try
｛
info.index = System.Convert.ToInt32(spr.name);
｝
catch
｛
Debug.LogError("创建失败，Sprite名称错误！");
return;
｝
Rect rect = spr.rect;
float pivot = spr.pivot.y / rect.height - 0.5f;
if (pivot > 0)
｛
pivot = -lineSpace / 2 - spr.pivot.y;
｝
else if (pivot < 0)
｛
pivot = -lineSpace / 2 + rect.height - spr.pivot.y;
｝
else
｛
pivot = -lineSpace / 2;
｝
int offsetY = (int)(pivot + (lineSpace - rect.height) / 2);
info.uvBottomLeft = new Vector2((float)rect.x / tex.width, (float)(rect.y) / tex.height);
info.uvBottomRight = new Vector2((float)(rect.x + rect.width) / tex.width, (float)(rect.y) / tex.height);
info.uvTopLeft = new Vector2((float)rect.x / tex.width, (float)(rect.y + rect.height) / tex.height);
info.uvTopRight = new Vector2((float)(rect.x + rect.width) / tex.width, (float)(rect.y + rect.height) / tex.height);
info.minX = 0;
info.minY = -(int)rect.height - offsetY;
info.maxX = (int)rect.width;
info.maxY = -offsetY;
info.advance = (int)rect.width;
characterInfo[i] = info;
｝
AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(mat, "Assets" + matPathName);
AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(m_myFont, "Assets" + fontPathName);
m_myFont.characterInfo = characterInfo;
EditorUtility.SetDirty(m_myFont);
AssetDatabase.SaveAssets();
AssetDatabase.Refresh();//刷新资源
Debug.Log("创建字体成功");
｝
else
｛
Debug.LogError("图集错误！");
｝
｝
else
｛
Debug.LogError("创建失败,选择的图片不在Resources文件夹内！");
｝
｝
｝
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using System.IO;
public class CreateFont : EditorWindow
｛
[MenuItem("Tools/创建字体(sprite)")]
public static void Open()
｛
GetWindow<CreateFont>("创建字体");
｝
private Texture2D tex;
private string fontName;
private string fontPath;
private void OnGUI()
｛
GUILayout.BeginVertical();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
GUILayout.Label("字体图片：");
tex = (Texture2D)EditorGUILayout.ObjectField(tex, typeof(Texture2D), true);
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
GUILayout.Label("字体名称：");
fontName = EditorGUILayout.TextField(fontName);
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
if (GUILayout.Button(string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontPath) ? "选择路径" : fontPath))
｛
fontPath = EditorUtility.OpenFolderPanel("字体路径", Application.dataPath, "");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontPath))
｛
Debug.Log("取消选择路径");
｝
else
｛
fontPath = fontPath.Replace(Application.dataPath, "") + "/";
｝
｝
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
if (GUILayout.Button("创建"))
｛
Create();
｝
GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
GUILayout.EndVertical();
｝
private void Create()
｛
if (tex == null)
｛
Debug.LogWarning("创建失败，图片为空！");
return;
｝
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fontPath))
｛
Debug.LogWarning("字体路径为空！");
return;
｝
if (fontName == null)
｛
Debug.LogWarning("创建失败，字体名称为空！");
return;
｝
else
｛
if (File.Exists(Application.dataPath + fontPath + fontName + ".fontsettings"))
｛
Debug.LogError("创建失败，已存在同名字体文件");
return;
｝
if (File.Exists(Application.dataPath + fontPath + fontName + ".mat"))
｛
Debug.LogError("创建失败，已存在同名字体材质文件");
return;
｝
｝
string selectionPath = AssetDatabase.GetAssetPath(tex);
if (selectionPath.Contains("/Resources/"))
｛
string selectionExt = Path.GetExtension(selectionPath);
if (selectionExt.Length == 0)
｛
Debug.LogError("创建失败！");
return;
｝
string fontPathName = fontPath + fontName + ".fontsettings";
string matPathName = fontPath + fontName + ".mat";
float lineSpace = 0.1f;
//string loadPath = selectionPath.Remove(selectionPath.Length - selectionExt.Length).Replace("Assets/Resources/", "");
string loadPath = selectionPath.Replace(selectionExt, "").Substring(selectionPath.IndexOf("/Resources/") + "/Resources/".Length);
Sprite[] sprites = Resources.LoadAll<Sprite>(loadPath);
if (sprites.Length > 0)
｛
Material mat = new Material(Shader.Find("GUI/Text Shader"));
mat.SetTexture("_MainTex", tex);
Font m_myFont = new Font();
m_myFont.material = mat;
CharacterInfo[] characterInfo = new CharacterInfo[sprites.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < sprites.Length; i++)
｛
if (sprites[i].rect.height > lineSpace)
｛
lineSpace = sprites[i].rect.height;
｝
｝
for (int i = 0; i < sprites.Length; i++)
｛
Sprite spr = sprites[i];
CharacterInfo info = new CharacterInfo();
try
｛
info.index = System.Convert.ToInt32(spr.name);
｝
catch
｛
Debug.LogError("创建失败，Sprite名称错误！");
return;
｝
Rect rect = spr.rect;
float pivot = spr.pivot.y / rect.height - 0.5f;
if (pivot > 0)
｛
pivot = -lineSpace / 2 - spr.pivot.y;
｝
else if (pivot < 0)
｛
pivot = -lineSpace / 2 + rect.height - spr.pivot.y;
｝
else
｛
pivot = -lineSpace / 2;
｝
int offsetY = (int)(pivot + (lineSpace - rect.height) / 2);
info.uvBottomLeft = new Vector2((float)rect.x / tex.width, (float)(rect.y) / tex.height);
info.uvBottomRight = new Vector2((float)(rect.x + rect.width) / tex.width, (float)(rect.y) / tex.height);
info.uvTopLeft = new Vector2((float)rect.x / tex.width, (float)(rect.y + rect.height) / tex.height);
info.uvTopRight = new Vector2((float)(rect.x + rect.width) / tex.width, (float)(rect.y + rect.height) / tex.height);
info.minX = 0;
info.minY = -(int)rect.height - offsetY;
info.maxX = (int)rect.width;
info.maxY = -offsetY;
info.advance = (int)rect.width;
characterInfo[i] = info;
｝
AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(mat, "Assets" + matPathName);
AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(m_myFont, "Assets" + fontPathName);
m_myFont.characterInfo = characterInfo;
EditorUtility.SetDirty(m_myFont);
AssetDatabase.SaveAssets();
AssetDatabase.Refresh();//刷新资源
Debug.Log("创建字体成功");
｝
else
｛
Debug.LogError("图集错误！");
｝
｝
else
｛
Debug.LogError("创建失败,选择的图片不在Resources文件夹内！");
｝
｝
｝
这个脚本参考了某一篇博文，时间长了实在是找不到了。
原理跟第一种方法一样，只是计算细节略有差异。使用起来还是很简单：
大同小异的两种方法，个人更喜欢用第二种。不需要使用额外的软件，一键搞定